宋颖 廖静莹

Song Ying, Liao Jingying

随着数字化时代的到来，个人的生活和出行呈现出新的特征，人们对设施在时间上的可供性提出了更为具体的要求。当前各种实时数据的涌现和基于位置服务的普及，使得城市设施和服务能够满足这一现实需求。然而，目前对于个体移动与城市设施之间关系的研究主要集中于两者的空间位置关系，相对忽视了时间要素对居民获取资源过程的影响。因此，本文从个体移动性的视角出发，解读个体移动与设施服务间的时空关系，提出理解城市设施间时空协同的理论框架；总结相关研究提出的时空可达性、余弦相似度等分析方法，并用实例研究解释其在城市规划中的应用。聚焦时空协同中移动个体与设施服务间在多层次上的衔接问题，本文提出的理论框架和总结的分析方法能够为后续全面揭示城市动态和个体移动之间的关联、制定与评估城市时间规划政策提供有效的工具和支持，有助于将基于空间可达性的空间设施规划拓展至涵盖个体移动发生全过程的时空调度规划。

As urban lifestyles increasingly digitize, there emerge new changes and demands in individual mobility. Due to the emergence of real-time data, the configuration of urban facilities and services can respond to this demand. However, current research on the matching relationship between individuals and urban facilities primarily focuses on the spatial patterns presented by individual mobility and facility locations, while relatively neglecting the role of time in influencing residents’ access to resources. Therefore, this paper interprets the relationship between individual mobility and facility services from the perspective of individual mobility and proposes a theoretical framework for understanding the spatiotemporal coordination among urban facilities, concludes relevant methods including spatiotemporal accessibility and cosine similarity calculation that provided by present studies, and illustrates their applications in urban planning through two case studies. Focusing on the connection issues between mobility and facilities at multiple levels in spatiotemporal coordination, the analytical methods proposed in this theoretical framework can comprehensively reveal the relationship between urban dynamics and individual mobility, formulate and evaluate urban time planning policies, provide effective tools and support, and help extend spatial facility planning based on spatial accessibility to spatiotemporal scheduling planning covering the entire process of individual mobility.

宋颖，博士，明尼苏达大学地理、环境和社会学院，副教授。yingsong@umn.edu

廖静莹（通信作者），北京大学城市与环境学院，博士研究生。810385203@qq.com

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