胡杨 陈子浩 王德 晏龙旭 焦健

HU Yang, CHEN Zihao, WANG De, YAN Longxu, JIAO Jian

欧洲后工业社会的转型引发居民生活方式的深刻变化，使时间成为公共政策的一个重要主题。近40 年来，城市时间政策在欧洲不断创新探索，形成了应对城市问题的新思路。本文以西欧城市时间政策的实践研究和政策文件为基础，按照“发展脉络—行动框架—理论认识—实践评述—经验启示”的结构进行阐述。首先，回顾城市时间政策在探索、推进、低谷和复兴四个阶段的关键事件，梳理影响城市时间政策发展的原因和动力；其次，比较西欧不同国家城市时间政策的异同，并着重介绍意大利城市时间政策的运作流程、组织架构和决策形式；第三，介绍时空体和节奏分析的相关理论方法，阐明时间问题的诊断依据；第四，归纳城市时间政策的行动议题和策略措施，并结合具体案例对实施效果进行评述；最后，总结城市时间政策对城市发展和居民生活的积极影响和不足，并探讨城市时间政策对规划学科转型的启示以及融入国土空间规划体系建设的可能。

The profound changes in the lifestyle of residents caused by the transformation of post-industrial society in Europe have made time an important public policy issue. In the past 40 years, urban time policies in Europe have continuously innovated and explored new ways to deal with urban problems. Based on the practical research and policy documents of urban time policies in Western Europe, this paper elaborates on the structure of “development context-action framework-theoretical understanding-practical review-experience enlightenment”. Firstly, it reviews the key events of urban time policies in four stages: exploration, promotion, trough and revival, and sorts out the reasons and driving forces that affect the development of urban time policies; Secondly, it compares the similarities and differences of urban time policies in different countries in Western Europe, and focuses on introducing the operation process, organizational structure and decisionmaking form of Italian urban time policies; Thirdly, it introduces the theoretical method of rhythm analysis and clarifies the diagnostic basis of time issues; Fourthly, it summarizes the action topics and strategic measures of urban time policies and evaluates the implementation effects with specific cases; Finally, it summarizes the positive impact and shortcomings of urban time policies on urban development and residents’ life, explores the enlightenment of urban time policies on the transformation of planning disciplines, and the possibility of integrating them into the construction of national territorial spatial planning system.

胡杨，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，博士。huyang@tongji.edu.cn
陈子浩，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，博士研究生
王德（通信作者），同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，教授，博士生导师；上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司，数字规划研究中心，主任。dewang@tongji.edu.cn
晏龙旭，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，副教授
焦健，博士，西北大学城市与环境学院，讲师

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