唐伟成 彭震伟 张京祥

TANG Weicheng, PENG Zhenwei, ZHANG Jingxiang

在国家战略投放和巨量资源下乡的宏观背景下，乡村地域仍面临内生动力不足的深层困境。回顾我国乡村发展轨迹并进行辩证审视后可见，计划经济时期城乡二元刚性结构产生了对乡村全要素的汲取管控，延伸至市场化转型时期则收缩锁定于土地这一关键发展要素，土地发展权的上收和产业用地供给的阻滞成为现阶段乡村地域系统内闭性、边缘性塑造的关键锚点。局部性、片段式的地方实践经验表明，对于非农经济机会较多的发达地区乡村，产业用地的有效供给能够促使村级单元克服对外部资本的屏蔽，转而成为整合域内各类低效资源和重建集体经济的优质资产，依此逻辑，村庄可迈入“资源—资产—现金流”的正向循环轨道。最后笔者认为，改变我国乡村双重边缘格局需要遵循自主性、适应性和创造性三项基本原则，并就土地与规划策略领域进行了反思与延伸探讨。

Despite the intensive implementation of national strategies and massive resource investments, rural areas still suffer from a deep-rooted dilemma of insufficient endogenous dynamics. Looking back on China’s rural development, the urban-rural dual system was built on the extraction and control of all types of economic factors in rural areas in the planned economy period, but its operation has been centered on the strict control of land elements during the market transition period. The upward transfer of land development rights and the blockage of industrial land supply become anchor points in shaping rural area’s confined and marginalized characteristics. Some local practices show that for rural areas with more non-agricultural economic opportunities, an effective supply of industrial land can assist villages in overcoming the shielding of external capital, while industrial land becomes a quality asset for integrating various types of inefficient resources and rebuilding the collective economy. Based on this logic, the villages can move into a positive cycle of “resource-asset-cash flow”. Finally, the paper suggests that changing the pattern of double marginalization in rural areas should be guided by the principles of autonomy, adaptability and creativity, and it provides an extended discussion on land and planning strategies.

唐伟成，博士，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，助理教授，硕士生导师。wchengtang@tongji.edu.cn
彭震伟，博士，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，教授，博士生导师。pengzhw@tongji.edu.cn
张京祥（通信作者），博士，南京大学建筑与城市规划学院，教授，博士生导师。3593786@163.com

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