王玥然 孙洁 马国强

WANG Yueran, SUN Jie, MA Guoqiang

存量建筑适应性改造与再利用是西方国家城市更新的重要内容之一。为促进过剩的办公室转化为紧缺的住房（即“办改住”），1980 年代以来英美两国出台了一系列放宽规划许可和财政激励措施。然而，“办改住”行动在促进内城住房供应、人口回流以及经济复兴的同时，也造成正在利用的小型办公用房减少、规划得益损失以及住房质量不高与住房区位失控等后果，未能彻底解决低收入群体的住房难题。笔者认为，英美两国的“办改住”实践经验值得中国一二线大城市批判性地借鉴，包括制定多维度激励政策、加强项目的区域引导、细化规划许可管制、完善租赁住房管理制度四个方面。

Adaptive transforming and reusing old buildings has become an important issue in the UK and the USA for several decades as they entered into urban renewal era. In order to promote the transformation of excess spare offices into housings which was in short supply, both the British and American governments introduced planning permits deregulation and multiple financial incentives. The “office-to-residential conversion” programs have surely resulted in more housing supply, population return and economic revival in the inner-city. However, due to the imperfection of the relevant regulation, it also caused the loss of cheap offices especially for small businesses and the loss of planning gains indirectly. In addition, some “office-to-residential conversion”programs also result in poor-quality housings, mismatched housing types and housings’location out of control, which cannot contribute to increase housing affordability for the poor. In this paper, we argue that Chinese first- and second-tier large cities can learn from the “office-to-residential conversion” experience critically, that local government should provide tax reduction, finance supports, and also needs to strengthen planning approval regulation and guidance for old buildings reusing, and improve the rental housing policy.

王玥然，南京大学建筑与城市规划学院，硕士研究生
孙洁（通信作者），博士，南京大学建筑与城市规划学院，南京大学中产化研究中心，副研究员。jiesun@nju.edu.cn.
马国强，博士，南京晓庄学院环境科学学院，人文地理教研室主任，讲师

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