LIU Zheng, BAI Yifan, LI Qianru, LEI Wei

Keywords： Estuarine City; Transformative Strategy; Planning Innovation; Port-City Integration; Ecological Restoration

Abstract：

The estuarine cities, through unique development strategies and planning innovations, have become key hubs in the global maritime network. However, current current research has paid limited attention to the combination of strategies employed by estuarine cities to address location barriers and shift shipping limitations, as well as the practical impacts and planning responses involved. Hamburg and Antwerp serve as typical cases of estuarine cities that have successfully transformed from inland port cities to maritime cities through the interactive effects of port-city dynamics. This paper outlines three developmental stages of maritime transformation for estuarine cities, using Hamburg and Antwerp as case studies, and analyzes the challenges encountered during their transformation along with the strategies adopted to enhance maritime functions. In response to the challenges of port-city separation and ecological degradation caused by port specialization, this paper further explores the concepts and methods of planning innovation, centering on the port-city integration as well as ecological restoration practices in these two cities. Finally, drawing on the evolution of port-city relations and planning innovations in Hamburg and Antwerp, this paper provides suggestions for addressing the trends of port-city separation, the construction of new port cities, and the expansion and renovation of shipping channels in the development of modern marine cities in China.

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