Research on Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Maritime Cities from a Regional Coordination Perspective
Abstract：
Coastal zones are highly valuable, complex, and dynamic socio-ecological systems, requiring integrated management from a regional coordination perspective. Based on the types of coordinating entities, international models of integrated coastal zone management can be categorized into three types: establishing independent agencies, utilizing existing administrative institutions, and relying on non-standing deliberative coordination mechanisms. This paper selects the San Francisco Bay Area (the USA), Singapore, and the Wadden Sea (Western Europe) as representative cases to analyze the coordinating institutions and specific measures of each model. Based on a comparison of their applicability, this paper provides recommendations for coastal zone management in China, including: using spatial planning to align regional development goals; exploring cross-regional coordination measures (inter-regional negotiation mechanisms, administrative agreements, and inter-regional legislation); and promoting inter-departmental collaboration (reviewing laws and procedures, establishing coordination mechanisms, and signing administrative agreements).