许皓 李百浩

XU Hao, LI Baihao

1935 年编制完成的《莫斯科改建规划》建构了一套“社会主义城市”的规划方法，体现了独特的规划智慧。二战后，莫斯科的规划建设经验向不断扩大的社会主义阵营传播，成为规划师们制定方案的重要参照。文章基于规划知识跨国传播的视角，从理念方法和营建手法两个方面，以1950 年代在华苏联专家的规划活动为线索，揭示《莫斯科改建规划》在中国的传播与影响。笔者认为《莫斯科改建规划》提出的人口规模与密度控制、公共健康导向的分区原则、多学科综合决策等思路，影响了中国规划理论体系的初始构建；同时，笔者发现新中国成立初期重点建设城市的规划方案采用了与莫斯科相似的空间形式，三轴放射、绿地系统、扩大街坊等形态仍隐含在当今的城市空间中，可视为规划遗产的一种特殊类型。本研究目的旨在掌握中国现代城市规划源流，加深对中国城市空间形态“莫斯科影响”的认识和重视，为相关城市更新活动提供参考。

The Reconstruction Plan of Moscow, completed in 1935, constructed a set of planning methods for “socialist cities”, reflecting unique planning wisdom. After World War II, Moscow’s planning experience spread to the socialist camp, becoming an important reference for planners to formulate plans. Based on the perspective of cross-border dissemination of planning knowledge, this paper reveals the dissemination and influence of The Reconstruction Plan of Moscow in China from two aspects: conceptual methods and construction techniques, using the planning activities of Soviet experts in China in the 1950s as a clue. It is believed that the population size and density control, public health-oriented zoning principles, and multidisciplinary comprehensive decision-making proposed in the plan have influenced the initial construction of China’s planning theory system; In the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the planning scheme for key construction cities adopted a spatial form similar to Moscow. The forms of three-axis radiation, green space system, and expanding neighborhoods is still hidden in today’s urban space and can be regarded as a special type of planning heritage. The research aims to understand the origin of modern urban planning in China, deepen our understanding and attention to the “Moscow influence” of urban spatial form in China, and provide reference for related urban renewal activities.

许皓，扬州大学建筑科学与工程学院，副教授，硕士生导师。1319745040@qq.com

李百浩，东南大学建筑学院，教授，博士生导师。libaihaowh@163.com

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