单卓然 朱俊青 袁满 罗文静 陈玥迪

SHAN Zhuoran, ZHU Junqing, YUAN Man, LUO Wenjing, CHEN Yuedi

环境问题具有“溢出效应”，多尺度的区域协同管治在环境治理中发挥重要作用。本文聚焦减碳都市圈、低碳城市以及脱碳先行区，梳理日本多尺度区域协同降碳战略的阶段性特征、政策联动机制和典型做法，并与中国的双碳战略实践作对比。研究发现：日本多尺度区域协同降碳战略聚焦法律框架约束、战略整体部署、部门联动响应、规划目标升级、监测评估反馈等方面纵深推进。多尺度区域协同降碳举措各有侧重：减碳都市圈强调塑造低碳格局，搭建高效跨市交通网络，建立跨界治理协作机制；低碳城市重视结构紧凑，强化土地保障，突出交通管理，明确脱碳空间；脱碳先行区强调示范引领效应，精细化实施框架，多方主体合作，全面保障和全流程评估。借鉴日本经验，我国多尺度协同降碳工作应重点强化法律保障，完善整体路线，强化目标约束，细化协同治理方案，构建多尺度传导机制。

Environmental problems have spillover effect, and multi-scale regional synergistic governance plays an important role in environmental management. Focusing on carbon-reducing metropolitan areas, low carbon cities and decarbonization pilot zones, this paper examines the stage-by-stage characteristics, policy linkages and typical practices of Japan’s multi-scale regional coordinated strategies for carbon reduction, and compares with China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality practices. The study finds that Japan’s multi-scale regional coordinated strategy for carbon reduction focuses on legal framework constraints, overall deployment of the strategy, sectoral coordination and response, upgrading of planning objectives, and monitoring and evaluation feedback. Multi-scale regional coordinated carbon reduction initiatives have different focuses. Carbon-reducing metropolitan areas emphasize the shaping of low-carbon patterns, the building of efficient cross-city transportation networks, and the establishment of cross-boundary governance and collaboration mechanisms; low-carbon cities emphasize compactness, strengthened land security, prominent transportation management, and clear decarbonization space; and decarbonization pilot zones emphasize demonstration and leadership effects, refined implementation frameworks, multi-party cooperation, comprehensive safeguards, and full-process evaluation. Drawing on Japan’s experiences, multi-scale synergistic carbon reduction works in China should focus on strengthening legal safeguards, perfecting the overall route, reinforcing target constraints, refining synergistic governance programs, and constructing a multi-scale transmission mechanism.

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