张书海 王婧

ZHANG Shuhai, WANG Jing

规划权力在政府纵向体系中的合理配置，在我国国土空间规划体系的理论探讨和实践领域中是难点问题。本文采用政策分析、文献分析等方法，深入研究英国规划体系的权力在政府纵向层级维度的放和收、规则制度的设计、实施措施以及运行保障，发现其通过平衡规划权力的“收放”，在简化规划内容和提升空间保障效率的同时，有效地传导了上位规划目标。结合当前我国国土空间规划改革，我们提出如下经验借鉴 ：首先，通过系统放权激发地方自主性，提升规划的治理效能 ；其次，聚焦于有限重点事务和领域收权，平衡上位政府干预的引导性和强制性 ；最后，充分发挥公私协作和公众监督的“稳定器”作用，破解权力收放中长期存在的二元矛盾。

The rational allocation of planning power in the vertical government system is a difficult issue in both theoretical and practical fields of China’s spatial planning. Through policy analysis and literature analysis, the paper studies the strategy of decentralization and centralization, the design of rules and systems, the implementation measures and the operational guarantee of the UK planning system. It is found that by balancing the decentralization and centralization of planning power, both the simplification of planning content and the enhancement of planning efficiency have been realized. Meanwhile, the planning objectives of the upper government have been effectively conveyed. Considering China’s spatial planning, we propose that: firstly, stimulate local autonomy through systematic decentralization to enhance the governance effectiveness of planning; secondly, focus on the limited key affairs and areas of decentralization to balance the guiding and mandatory requirement from the upper government; lastly, make full use of public-private collaboration and public participation to solve the contradiction between decentralization and centralization.

张书海，博士，中国人民大学公共管理学院副教授，硕士生导师。zhangshuhai@ruc.edu.cn 

王婧（通信作者），中国人民大学公共管理学院本科生。 2020200436@ruc.edu.cn

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