2025年 第5期 DOI：10.19830/j.upi.2025.275
埃塞俄比亚国家发展规划演变研究——基于2000年以来五版规划的比较
Study on the Evolution of Ethiopia’ s National Development Plans: A Comparison of Five Plans Since 2000s
赵胜波 许闻博 高翰
ZHAO Shengbo, XU Wenbo, GAO Han
关键词：发展规划；城乡发展；政策演变；埃塞俄比亚；非洲
Keywords：Development Plan; Urban and Rural Development; Policy Evolution; Ethiopia; Africa
摘要：国家发展规划在埃塞俄比亚（下称“埃塞”）国家规划体系中居最高地位。笔者从政策制定背景、发展目标和重点领域、发展战略、规划实施机制四个维度回溯2000 年以来埃塞五版国家发展规划的宏观演变特征，并基于文本分析探究其中城乡发展政策的演变。笔者认为，五版发展规划综合考虑了当时的发展背景和国家愿景，发展目标演进反映了不同时段社会经济发展重心的变化，重点领域保持一定连续性但有较明显的波动变化，发展战略从面向国内向兼顾国内国际转型，规划实施机制日益完善。城乡发展政策逐步从以农业农村为核心、城市发展居从属地位向城乡政策互适性、关联性增强演进。本研究有益于客观了解埃塞国家发展规划领域的政策实践动态，并有助于拓展中国与埃塞等非洲国家在发展规划和治理领域的对话与合作空间。
Abstract：The National Development Plan (NDP) holds the highest status within Ethiopia’s national planning framework. In this paper, we conduct a comparative analysis of Ethiopia’s five NDPs since the 2000s across four dimensions: policymaking context, development objectives and key areas, pillar strategies, and planning implementation mechanisms, to understand the macroscopic characteristics of their dynamic evolution. Based on text analysis, we further explore the evolution of urban and rural development policies in the five NDPs. The paper reveals that the five NDPs have comprehensively taken into account the development context and national aspirations of their respective times. The evolution of development goals mirrors the shifting focuses of socio-economic development across different periods. While the key areas maintain a degree of continuity, they also exhibit notable fluctuating traits. Furthermore, the pillar strategies have undergone a transformation, evolving from a purely domestic focus to both domestic and international dimensions. The implementation mechanisms have also seen continuous improvement. Regarding urban and rural development policies, the five NDPs have gradually shifted from emphasizing agriculture and rural areas while subordinating urban development, to enhancing the mutual adaptability and relevance of urban and rural policies. This paper contributes to an objective understanding of the dynamic evolution of Ethiopia’s NDPs and is conducive to expanding the space for dialogue and cooperation between China and Ethiopia and other African countries in the fields of development planning and governance.
版权信息：
基金项目：中国博士后科学基金资助项目“多尺度耦合视角下中非经贸合作区与东道国协同发展机制、效应评估与促进策略研究”（2024M760437），2024 年度江苏省社科应用研究精品工程课题共建‘一带一路’倡议背景下江苏高质量推进境外产业园区建设路径与机制研究”（24SYB-068）
作者简介：赵胜波，东南大学建筑学院，博士后，助理研究员；中国城市规划学会，会员。shengbo2016@seu.edu.cn
许闻博，东南大学建筑学院，博士研究生，工程师，注册城乡规划师。seuarchxwb@126.com
高翰，东南大学建筑学院，硕士研究生。gaohanseu@outlook.com