苏冬 刘健

SU Dong, LIU Jian

20 世纪以来，国家权力在荷兰空间规划中的角色和地位几经变迁。伴随新自由主义思潮在欧洲的兴起，荷兰的空间规划采取了相对独立与分散的行动者网络和多中心化治理模式，引发了当前严峻的住房危机和绿心保护争议，加之气候变化的新挑战，如何适应面向整体空间环境可持续发展的治理情境成为新议题，继而推动了空间规划的新变革。荷兰中央政府自2018 年起相继进行空间规划机构和职能调整，在2020—2022 年间先后编制实施《国家环境愿景》和行动计划，发布系列报告推动国家权力回归空间规划的中枢地位，并使得中央政府的角色定位发生转变——不再作为空间的“管制者”，而是更多地发挥“调解者”的作用。本文遵循元治理的逻辑框架，分别从调解中枢的角色转换、协调平台的拓展整合两个维度，分析在新的治理情境下，荷兰中央政府的空间规划职责和空间规划治理工具的新转向，以期为我国新时期国土空间规划改革中的政府角色转型提供参考和借鉴。

The role of state power in Dutch spatial planning has changed several times since the beginning of the 20th century. Dutch spatial planning, with the rise of neoliberalism in Europe, has adopted a relatively independent and decentralized network of actors, as well as a polycentric governance model, giving rise to severe housing crisis and controversy over the protection of the green heart. Challenges of climate change have led to new issues on adapting to a governance scenario towards overall spatial environmental sustainability, also drives new changes in spatial planning. From 2018, the Dutch central government has reorganized its spatial planning institutions, implemented NOVI and NOVEX between 2020 and 2022, and also relocated its state power to a more central position in spatial planning through publishing series of reports. The central government has shifted its role from a ‘regulator’ to a ‘mediator’. Following the logical framework of meta-governance, this paper analyses the new spatial planning responsibilities of the Dutch central government and the new shift of spatial planning governance tools in the new governance context from two dimensions, namely, the shift of the role of the mediation pivot and the expansion and integration of the coordination platform, with a view to providing references and lessons for the transformation of the government’s role in the new era of territorial spatial planning reform in China.

苏冬，博士，浙江大学学生职业发展培训中心，讲师；浙江大学中国特色社会主义研究中心，研究员。sudong@zju.edu.cn

刘健（通信作者），博士，清华大学建筑学院，教授，博导。liujian@tsinghua.edu.cn

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