叶宇 陈昶宇 郭雨寒 刘雨轩

YE Yu, CHEN Changyu, GUO Yuhan, LIU Yuxuan

随着城镇化建设迈入以品质化、人本化为导向的新阶段，生活便利度逐渐成为塑造城市品质的重要指标。已有研究表明地块形态对交通连接性和服务设施可达性等要素有重要影响，而这些因素对生活便利度至关重要，但地块形态对生活便利度的影响效能仍需进一步探索。针对这一情况，本文融合多源城市数据与量化城市形态研究方法，在量化解析生活便利度的基础上，探寻各类地块形态特征对生活便利度的影响效能。考虑到当前新城更新的实际需求，本研究以上海松江新城和嘉定新城作为实证案例，在控制人口密度、路网可达性等关键变量的基础上，使用基于机器学习的相关性分析方法进一步解析地块形态特征要素与生活便利度间的关联效应。统计分析表明，小街区、密路网的紧凑布局和适宜的容积率有利于生活便利度的提升，且地块平面形态对于生活便利度也有重要影响。针对新城地块普遍划分不够细致的问题，本研究建议在开发过程中将单元地块面积控制在2 hm2 以内，街块面积控制在4~4.8 hm2，并将街块划分为4~5 个单元地块；同时，控制单元地块朝向和建筑容积率对提升便利度具有积极影响，建议在新城规划中进一步加强这些要素的控制。上述立足量化城市形态研究视角的地块形态效能解析，或可为控规编制和城市更新提供针对性建议。

As urbanization advances into the new stage oriented by quality and humanism, the living convenience has gradually become an important indicator

to shape the quality of the city. Research has indicated that the division of plots significantly impacts factors such as transportation connectivity and accessibility to service facilities, which are crucial for living convenience. However, the impact of the division of plots on the living convenience still needs to be further explored. In response to this situation, this paper integrates multi-source urban data and quantitative urban morphology methods to explore the impact of morphological characteristics of various plots on the living convenience on the basis of quantitative analysis of living convenience. Considering the demands of New Town renewal, this study takes Songjiang New Town and Jiading New Town as empirical cases. By controlling key variables such as population density and road network accessibility, machine learning-based correlation analysis methods was used to further explore the relationship between plot morphology features and living convenience. The statistical analysis not only shows that dense road network system with small building blocks and appropriate floor area ratio are conducive to the improvement of living convenience, but also indicates that planar morphology of plots plays a significant role. To address the issue of insufficient detail in the division of plots in new towns, this study suggests controlling the area of land-use unit to within 2 hectares and the block area to between 4 and 4.8 hectares during development, subdividing blocks into 4-5 land-use units. Additionally, controlling the orientation of land-use units and the floor area ratio (FAR) of buildings has a positive impact on the living convenience. It is recommended that these factors be further emphasized in new town planning. The above-mentioned analysis of the morphological efficiency of plots from the perspective of quantitative urban morphology can provide targeted suggestions for the preparation of control regulations and urban renewal.

叶宇（通信作者），博士，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，副教授；建成环境技术中心，副主任；高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室（同济大学），副主任。yye@tongji.edu.cn

陈昶宇，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，硕士；高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室（同济大学），研究助理

郭雨寒，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，博士研究生

刘雨轩，硕士，高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室（同济大学），研究助理

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