余旺仔 张悦

YU Wangzai, ZHANG Yue

当前我国老旧小区改造的政策体系尚不完善，仍存在以财政出资为主，产权主体筹资较少的问题，且改造多集中在公共空间而较少关注私房部分。已有研究表明，以适当的公共干预推动业主投资自主更新是私房更新的要点。最早开始城市化进程的英国，在1960 年代—1970 年代建立了较为完善的住房更新补助赋能政策体系，公共部门发放私房更新补助金以激励引导业主自主更新，并通过共享房屋租金增值、征收房地产税等方式实现利益还原，将公共投资所生增值收益返还为公共利益；同时通过监管标准和措施，包括补助申领标准、工程建设标准、转租转售限制等，促进公共资金投入私房更新后实现保值增值。归纳比较英国公共部门“补助结合监管”赋能私房业主自主更新的政策经验，可为我国老旧小区改造工作提供启示。

The current policy system for the rehabilitation of old neighborhoods in China is not yet fully developed. Renovation costs are predominantly covered by public funds, with limited contributions from homeowners. Furthermore, past renovation efforts have largely focused on public spaces rather than private housing. Previous studies indicate that appropriate governmental intervention is crucial in encouraging homeowners to take the initiative in housing improvements. The UK, an early adopter of urbanization, established a relatively comprehensive policy system for housing improvement grants in the 1960s-1970s to incentivize homeowner investment. At the same time, it employed mechanisms to recapture the value generated by public investments, such as benefiting from rental appreciation and property taxation. Additionally, a comprehensive set of conditions and standards was established to ensure the maintenance and growth of public asset values, including eligibility criteria, improvement standards, and regulations on renting and reselling. Summarizing and comparing the policy experiences of the British public sector can provide valuable insights for the rehabilitation of old neighborhoods in China.

余旺仔，博士，中国建设银行总行，经济师。ywz1616@163.com

张悦（通信作者），清华大学建筑学院，教授，博士生导师。yuezhang@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

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