王梓安 周政旭

WANG Zi’an, ZHOU Zhengxu

合作建房是一种民众通过互相帮助、民主决策、共同管理的方式自行建造住宅的住房模式，是解决中低收入群体住房困难、丰富住房供给结构的良好途径。德国在合作建房领域拥有悠久的历史和成熟的体系，无论是传统的住房合作社还是新兴的联建住房，都有完整的运作机制和丰富的保障经验。本文梳理德国合作建房的发展历史，总结其现行制度体系，分析典型案例做法，认为德国合作建房制度体现了人本主导、多元供给、立法完善、政策成熟的特点，并据此对我国发展合作建房制度提出了坚持以人为本、激励多元参与、明确法律地位、完善政策体系等建议。

Cooperative housing is a type of housing in which residents build their own neighbourhoods on the principle of self-help, self-responsibility and self-administration, and is understood to contribute to the diversification of housing services as well as the provision of affordable housing for low- and moderate-income group in a beneficial way. Regarding the field of cooperative housing, Germany enjoys a long history and a well-established system, with both of the traditional housing cooperative model and the new co-housing model supported by the complete operational structure and develop with sufficient legal protection. This paper explores Germany’s cooperative housing model through the investigation of its history, the analysis of its current systems and the evaluation of its typical practices, concludes that it is characterized by inhabitant-orientated philosophy, diversified supply structure, comprehensive legal basis and effective policy support. Based on this, the paper offers advices including adhering to putting inhabitant first, facilitating diversified participation, defining legal status, and perfecting support measures on the development of cooperative housing model in China.

王梓安，荷兰代尔夫特理工大学，博士研究生
周政旭（通信作者），清华大学建筑学院，副教授。83306518@qq.com

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