王琳婷 袁媛 梁璐

WANG Linting, YUAN Yuan, LIANG Lu

全球视野下的女性友好城市建设强调提升城市包容性与公平性，营造人人共享的城市空间。在我国，社区公共空间作为人们日常生活的核心场所，成为推进女性友好城市建设的重要切入点。然而，与狭义上“专门为女性营造”的空间不同，公共空间的“公共”属性为营造实践带来了挑战，即如何在尊重性别感知差异的基础上实现女性友好。为此，本文引入眼动实验，从性别视角探究社区公共空间的感知和营造策略。首先，基于场景理论与视觉注意理论，构建公共空间感知的性别差异研究框架，系统分析不同性别群体的感知差异机理，并深入解读性别视角下的眼动实验内涵。其次，基于实验证据，揭示人群在社区绿色空间、街道空间和活动空间内部不同设计场景中的感知差异，探讨差异机制并总结关键空间要素。最后，从女性身体友好的场景要素设计、女性心理友好的场景体验营造和女性社会友好的场景功能规划三方面提出女性友好社区公共空间的场景营造策略。本研究立足人本尺度，结合微观场景的视觉感知机理，运用神经科学实验方法论证了在城市规划设计中考虑性别差异的必要性与可行性。通过跨学科的理论框架和定量、定性分析相结合的方式，本文旨在丰富我国女性友好城市建设的理论体系与方法论，推动构建包容、安全、可持续的城市和社区。

In a global context, women-friendly urban development emphasizes enhancing inclusivity and equity to create universally accessible city spaces. In China, community public spaces, as core settings of daily life, have become crucial entry points for advancing women-friendly urban development. However, unlike narrowly defined “female-only” spaces, the inherently “public” nature of public spaces presents challenges to inclusive design practices-namely, how to achieve gender inclusivity while respecting gender-based perceptual differences. This study employs eye-tracking experiments to explore community public space perception and design strategies from a gender perspective. First, grounded in scene theory and visual attention theory, we establish a research framework on gender differences in spatial perception, systematically analyzing perceptual mechanisms across genders and examining the implications of eye-tracking experiments in this context. Second, we leverage experimental evidences to reveal perceptual differences across various design scenes within community green spaces, street spaces, and activity spaces, uncovering mechanisms underlying these differences and identifying key spatial elements. Finally, we propose womenfriendly community public space design strategies from three dimensions: bodily comfort-oriented spatial elements, psychologically supportive experiential spaces, and socially inclusive functional planning. This study, grounded in human-scale perspectives and informed by neuroscientific methods, underscores the necessity and feasibility of incorporating gender sensitivity into urban planning and design. By integrating interdisciplinary frameworks and combining quantitative and qualitative analyses, this study aims to enrich the theoretical and methodological foundations of women-friendly urban development in China, contributing to the creation of inclusive, safe, and sustainable cities and communities.

王琳婷，中山大学地理科学与规划学院，博士研究生。wanglt29@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
袁媛（通信作者），中山大学地理科学与规划学院，教授，博士生导师。yuanyuan@mail.sysu.edu.cn
梁璐，西安外国语大学学术期刊中心，教授。415968791@qq.com

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