屈铭涛 姜佳怡

QU Mingtao, JIANG Jiayi

面对老龄人口体量大、老龄化速度快的严峻挑战，积极应对老龄化、推动健康老龄化已上升为我国的国家战略。作为老龄化进程存在相似发展历程的邻国，日本通过较为完善的制度设计和社区营造，实现了城市空间品质的提升和可持续发展，健康预期寿命也位居全球首位。笔者梳理了日本自1950 年代以来在国家层面健康老龄化政策的发展历程、构建逻辑，以及在地方层面的深化落实。在此基础上，以东京都、新潟市和都留市为例，分别总结了三种规模体量城市的政策和特征。最后，从科学配置服务功能的居住环境，提供安全、便捷和健康的出行环境，部署多层级社会支持体系的社会参与，推进适老化智能生活发展的智慧管理四个方面，对我国在城市空间发展过程中积极应对老龄化提出启示。

Facing the challenges posed by a large elderly population and rapidly ageing, actively addressing ageing and promoting healthy ageing have become national strategic goals in China. As a neighboring country with a similar ageing process, Japan has achieved improvements in urban spatial quality and sustainable development through well-designed institutional frameworks and community initiatives, leading to the longest healthy life expectancy globally. This paper reviews the development and underlying rationale of Japan’s national level healthy ageing policies since the 1950s, as well as their implementation at the local level. Drawing upon case studies of Tokyo, Niigata City, and Tsuru City, it summarizes the policy features of three cities of different scales. Finally, it provides inspiration into how China’s urban spatial development can proactively address ageing from four perspectives: the residential environment with scientifically allocated services, the travel environment that balances safety, convenience, and healthiness; the social participation featuring a multi-tiered social support system, and the smart management that advances age-friendly intelligent living.

屈铭涛，大阪公立大学工学研究科都市系，博士研究生。jovansloom@gmail.com

姜佳怡（通信作者），博士，苏州大学金螳螂建筑学院，讲师。584671011@qq.com

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