2024年 第4期 DOI：10.19830/j.upi.2022.233
空间权与“空间经济”视角下纽约中央车站地区的百年更新
Centennial Renewal of New York Grand Central Station Area from the Perspective of Air Rights Development and Spatial Economy
翁超 庄宇
Weng Chao, Zhuang Yu
关键词：空间权 ；空间经济 ；纽约中央车站特区 ；站城协同 ；城市更新
Keywords：Air Rights; Spatial Economy; Grand Central Subdistrict; Station-City Collaboration; Urban Renewal
摘要：轨道交通站点地区的高可达性优势带来了高土地需求市场，站
域地区的三维立体化高密度开发也促使有关土地利用的“空间经济
学”的发展，而空间权制度作为一种规划管控工具，成为这种发展需
求下的调节器。本文聚焦存量更新和“站城协同”发展背景下，轨道
交通站点地区立体化高密度发展问题，以纽约中央车站地区的百年更
新为例，解析空间发展权立体化开发、地标转移计划、特区转移计划、
交通促进奖励等一系列空间权技术在城市站域空间发展中的作用机制，
并提出空间权制度的变迁是逐步释放空间经济利益的过程，以期为我
国城市中心铁路车站地区建立长远的以空间价值导引的“站城协同”
发展机制提供借鉴。
Abstract：The advantage of high accessibility in rail transit station area has
resulted in the high demand in land market, and the three-dimensional highdensity development of station area has also promoted the development of
“spatial economics” in terms of land use, at the same time, the planning
control tool of Air Rights has become a regulator under this development
demand. This paper focuses on stock renewal and station-city collaboration
development, taking Grand Central Station Area redevelopment project in
New York City as case study to illustrate its long-term renewal process over
one hundred of year, and explain how air rights zoning regulations of threedimensional Air Rights Development, Landmark Transfer, Special District
Transfer and Transit Improvement Bonus are applied and changed over the
years, and concludes that the change of air rights policies is the process to
increase and release the spatial value of terminal area, hoping this will provide
a reference for the spatial value oriented long-term “station-city collaboration”
development mechanism in railway station area in urban centers in China.
版权信息：
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（52178047、52308076），中国博士后科学基金
（2022M722404）
作者简介：翁超，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，博士后，美国加州大学伯克
利分校，联合培养博士生。wengchaooo@hotmail.com
庄宇，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院建筑系，教授、博导 ；同济大
学城市更新与设计学科，团队主持