Concept, Connotation and Planning Methods of X-Minute City
Abstract：
In recent years, X-minute city has gradually risen worldwide as an important strategy to cope with environmental and social issues and to achieve the goal of sustainable urban development. This concept emphasizes the construction of X-minute walking- or cyclingaccessible neighbourhoods as the basic unit of urban residents’ daily life. X-minute city is a‘spatiotemporal proximity-based’ concept influenced by the proximity-based spatial planning theories and the trend of chrono-urbanism. This paper reviews the international planning practices of X-minute city, and summarizes the differences between different definitions in community scale and city scale, their connotation diversity in different perspectives such as physical form, society, transportation and health, and resilience, as well as the richness of planning methods and implementation measures in different dimensions, such as space, time and technology. This paper then points out challenges in relevant practices world-wide, and puts forward implications for the X-minute city planning practices in China, including: strengthening the transmission of the implementation of community and urban scale planning and building a multi-level spatiotemporal resource supply system; enriching the connotation of time dimension and promoting the dynamic matching of supply and demand; building the implementation mechanism of the whole planning process and carrying out the practice of multi-dimensional planning method.